Maintenance Fluids Calculations

id

72

full_title

Maintenance Fluids Calculations

short_title

Maintenance Fluids

med_description

Calculates maintenance fluid requirements by weight.

description

The Maintenance Fluids Calculator calculates maintenance fluid requirements by weight.

keywords

maintenance fluids, maintanence peds fluids, maintenance fluids peds calc, maintenance peds fluid, maintanence fluid calc, fluid pediatric calc, fluid adjustment peds, 4-2-1 rule, 4-2-1 peds, 4-2-1 calc, 4-2-1 fluids, 4-2-1 fluids calc, pediatric fluid maintanence

complaint

[ "Diarrhea", "Intoxication/Overdose", "Vomiting", "Weakness" ]

formula

Calculated using the “4-2-1” Rule: For 0-10 kg: 4 mL/kg/hr For >10-20 kg: 40 mL + 2 mL/kg/hr for every kg >10 kg For >20 kg: 60 mL + 1 mL/kg/hr for every kg >20 kg

evidence

measurements

[ { "name": "Weight for all", "unit": "wt_all", "error_min": "0", "error_max": "620", "warn_min": "0", "warn_max": "600", "conversion": "0.453592", "normal_max_si": "68", "normal_max_us": "150", "normal_min_si": "0", "normal_min_us": "0", "units_si": "kg", "units_us": "lbs" } ]

information

refrences

{ "Clinical Practice Guidelines": [ { "href": "", "text": "" } ], "Manufacturer Website": [ { "href": "", "text": "" } ], "Original/Primary Reference": [ { "href": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13431307", "text": "Holiday MA, Segar WE. The maintenance need for water in parenteral fluid therapy. Pediatrics 1957." } ], "Other References": [ { "href": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3531000/#!po=7.89474", "text": "Arya VK. Basics of fluid and blood transfusion therapy in paediatric surgical patients. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 2012;56(5):454-462. doi:10.4103/0019-5049.103960." } ], "Outcomes": [ { "href": "", "text": "" } ], "Validation": [ { "href": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7425366", "text": "Oh TH. Formulas for calculating fluid maintenance requirements. Anesthesiology.1980;53:351." } ], "Validations": [] }

pearls

usecase

• Determining IV fluid rates for patients who are not taking oral fluids (either from vomiting or being NPO).
• Determining IV fluid requirements for patients who are dehydrated or have insensible losses or third spacing.

reasons

Weight-based dosing of fluids is important given the fact that a patient's total body water (and blood volume) are based on their weight.

next_advice

Past, current, and future hydration status should always be considered when prescribing maintenance fluids, as under-dosing will lead to dehydration and renal insufficiency, and over-dosing may lead to fluid overload and edema in some patients.

next_actions

next_management

diseases

[ "Bleeding/Hemorrhage", "Burns", "Dehydration", "GI Bleeding", "Hyperglycemia", "Pancreatitis", "Renal Failure" ]

instructions

While originally derived in pediatric patients, this calculator is applicable to any age. Consider using ideal body weight in obese patients. If not calculating based on ideal body weight, use clinical judgment for dosing. A 1-liter bolus may be appropriate for most patients, such as overweight adolescents and adults.

published

2022-04-21T20:29:45.810Z

purpose

[ "Formula", "Treatment" ]

search_terms

[ "ivf", "pediatric", "dehydration", "peds", "421", "4-2-1" ]

seo

{ "keywords_en": "maintenance fluids, maintanence peds fluids, maintenance fluids peds calc, maintenance peds fluid, maintanence fluid calc, fluid pediatric calc, fluid adjustment peds, 4-2-1 rule, 4-2-1 peds, 4-2-1 calc, 4-2-1 fluids, 4-2-1 fluids calc, pediatric fluid maintanence", "meta_description_en": "The Maintenance Fluids Calculator calculates maintenance fluid requirements by weight." }

specialty

[ "Cardiology", "Critical Care", "Emergency Medicine", "Endocrinology", "Hospitalist Medicine", "Internal Medicine", "Nephrology", "Pediatrics" ]

departments

[ "Endocrine and Metabolic", "Renal" ]

tags

[]

version_number

1

versions

[]

related

[ { "calcId": 1741, "short_title_en": "ABG Analysis", "slug": "arterial-blood-gas-abg-analyzer" }, { "calcId": 85, "short_title_en": "Pediatric Ins and Outs", "slug": "pediatric-ins-outs" }, { "calcId": 113, "short_title_en": "Free Water Deficit in Hypernatremia", "slug": "free-water-deficit-hypernatremia" } ]

ismed

false

section

[ "whenToUseViewed", "whyUseViewed", "nextStepsViewed", "evidenceViewed" ]

cleaned_departments

[ "endocrine", "urology" ]

cleaned_use

[ "Determining IV fluid rates for patients who are not taking oral fluids (either from vomiting or being NPO).", "Determining IV fluid requirements for patients who are dehydrated or have insensible losses or third spacing." ]

pub

true