Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

id

74

full_title

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

short_title

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

med_description

Calculates mean arterial pressure.

description

The Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) calculates mean arterial pressure from measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure values.

keywords

mean arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure calc, systolic/diastolic, blood pressure calc, map calc, mean artery pressure, mean vein pressure, MAP md calc, map mdcalc, mean arterial pressure map, map pressure, mean arterial pressure calc, map calc, map score, map sale, map diastolic, map systolic, map SBP, map DBP, SBP/DBP, measured bp, mean blood pressure, mean bp, average blood pressure, average systolic blood pressure, average systemic blood pressure, average diastolic blood pressure, avg systolic bp, avg bp, avg systemic bp, map co, map svr, pressure co, pressure cardiac output, arterial pressure, arterial pressure co, arterial pressure svr, vascular resistance map, vascular resistence calc, cardiac output MAP, bp goal, blood pressure goal calc, blood pressure goal score, arterial pressure goal, tissue perfusion, tissue perfusion calc, map tissue perf, map tissue perfusion, tissue perfusion adequate, tissue perfusion stable

complaint

[ "Bleeding", "Dizziness" ]

formula

Mean Arterial Pressure = 1/3*(SBP) + 2/3*(DBP)

evidence

This article by Dr. Sheldon A. Magder offers an in-depth review of the physiology and the factors that affect blood pressure. It emphasizes the need to individualize patient management when it comes to blood patient targets.

measurements

[ { "name": "Systolic BP", "unit": "sbp", "error_min": "30", "error_max": "300", "warn_min": "40", "warn_max": "250", "conversion": "1", "normal_max_si": "120", "normal_max_us": "120", "normal_min_si": "100", "normal_min_us": "100", "units_si": "mm Hg", "units_us": "mm Hg" }, { "name": "Diastolic BP", "unit": "dbp", "error_min": "10", "error_max": "200", "warn_min": "20", "warn_max": "180", "conversion": "1", "normal_max_si": "80", "normal_max_us": "80", "normal_min_si": "60", "normal_min_us": "60", "units_si": "mm Hg", "units_us": "mm Hg" } ]

information

• A MAP ≥60 mmHg is believed to be needed to maintain adequate tissue perfusion.
• A MAP ≥65 mmHg is recommended in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines Committee.

refrences

{ "Clinical Practice Guidelines": [], "Manufacturer Website": [], "Original/Primary Reference": [ { "href": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24736333", "text": "Magder SA. The highs and lows of blood pressure: toward meaningful clinical targets in patients with shock. Crit Care Med. 2014;42(5):1241–1251." } ], "Other References": [ { "href": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23835589", "text": "Walsh M, Devereaux PJ, et. al. Relationship between Intraoperative Mean Arterial Pressure and Clinical Outcomes after Noncardiac Surgery: Toward an Empirical Definition of Hypotension. Anesthesiology 2013;119(3):507-515. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182a10e26." } ], "Outcomes": [], "Validation": [ { "href": "https://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/36/5/801.full", "text": "Sesso HD, et al. Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure, Pulse Pressure, and Mean Arterial Pressure as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Men. Hypertension. 2000;36:801-807, doi:10.1161/01.HYP.36.5.801" } ], "Validations": [] }

pearls

• The Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) is derived from a patient’s Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP).
• MAP is often used as a surrogate indicator of blood flow and believed to be a better indicator of tissue perfusion than SBP as it accounts for the fact that two thirds of the cardiac cycle are spent in diastole.
• A MAP of 60 mmHg or greater is believed to be needed to maintain adequate tissue perfusion.
• Since MAP is a product of Cardiac Output (CO) and Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) [MAP = CO x SVR], variations in SVR make the relationship between MAP and CO often unreliable (for example, a patient with a poor CO but high SVR such as a patient in cardiogenic shock may have an acceptable MAP but a CO that is too low to provide adequate perfusion to tissues).

usecase

• The Mean Arterial Pressure can be calculated in all patients in which blood pressure values are obtained.
• Blood pressure targets have been shown to improve outcome in a number of conditions. These include sepsis, trauma, stroke, intracranial bleed, and hypertensive emergencies.
• Clinical guidelines may use either SBP or MAP as a blood pressure goal.

reasons

The MAP should be calculated when the clinical scenario mandates a blood pressure adjustment based on MAP rather than SBP, as well as for the management of patients with acute conditions where there is a concern for appropriate organ perfusion.

next_advice

next_actions

• A MAP ≥60 mmHg is believed to be needed to maintain adequate tissue perfusion.
• A MAP ≥65 mmHg is recommended in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines Committee.

next_management

• Patients with a MAP that is under or above set goal values should be treated with fluids, blood products, vasopressors, inotropes, or vasodilators depending on the clinical scenario.
• Specific blood pressure management and MAP goals will depend on the etiology of the high or low MAP and must be individualized to optimize perfusion and prevent harm.

diseases

[ "Bleeding/Hemorrhage", "Hypertension", "Intracranial Hemorrhage", "Sepsis", "Subarachnoid Hemorrhage", "Trauma" ]

instructions

published

2022-04-21T20:29:46.404Z

purpose

[ "Formula", "Treatment" ]

search_terms

[ "bp", "hypertension", "blood pressure" ]

seo

{ "keywords_en": "mean arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure calc, systolic/diastolic, blood pressure calc, map calc, mean artery pressure, mean vein pressure, MAP md calc, map mdcalc, mean arterial pressure map, map pressure, mean arterial pressure calc, map calc, map score, map sale, map diastolic, map systolic, map SBP, map DBP, SBP/DBP, measured bp, mean blood pressure, mean bp, average blood pressure, average systolic blood pressure, average systemic blood pressure, average diastolic blood pressure, avg systolic bp, avg bp, avg systemic bp, map co, map svr, pressure co, pressure cardiac output, arterial pressure, arterial pressure co, arterial pressure svr, vascular resistance map, vascular resistence calc, cardiac output MAP, bp goal, blood pressure goal calc, blood pressure goal score, arterial pressure goal, tissue perfusion, tissue perfusion calc, map tissue perf, map tissue perfusion, tissue perfusion adequate, tissue perfusion stable", "meta_description_en": "The Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) calculates mean arterial pressure from measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure values." }

specialty

[ "Anesthesiology", "Cardiology", "Critical Care", "Critical Care (Neonatal)", "Critical Care (Neurologic)", "Critical Care (Pediatric)", "Emergency Medicine", "Hospitalist Medicine", "Internal Medicine", "Surgery (Trauma)" ]

departments

[ "Cardiac" ]

tags

[]

version_number

1

versions

[]

related

[ { "calcId": 4052, "short_title_en": "AAP Pediatric HTN Guidelines", "slug": "aap-pediatric-hypertension-guidelines" }, { "calcId": 10504, "short_title_en": "GARFIELD-AF", "slug": "garfield-af" }, { "calcId": 1785, "short_title_en": "HEMORR₂HAGES Score", "slug": "hemorr2hages-score-major-bleeding-risk" } ]

ismed

true

section

[ "whenToUseViewed", "pearlsPitfallsViewed", "whyUseViewed", "nextStepsViewed", "evidenceViewed" ]

cleaned_departments

[ "cardiology" ]

cleaned_use

[ "The Mean Arterial Pressure can be calculated in all patients in which blood pressure values are obtained.", "Blood pressure targets have been shown to improve outcome in a number of conditions. These include sepsis, trauma, stroke, intracranial bleed, and hypertensive emergencies.", "Clinical guidelines may use either SBP or MAP as a blood pressure goal." ]

pub

true